161 Species in Genus Manihot

Manihot: A Deep Dive with Ferb Vu

The world of botany is a fascinating one, filled with diverse and intriguing plant life. As a plant enthusiast, I’m always eager to delve deeper into the intricacies of different genera, and today, I’m excited to explore the genus Manihot with you.

Manihot is a genus of flowering plants in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. This genus boasts a diverse array of species, primarily woody shrubs and trees, though a few herbaceous plants are also included. The most famous member of this genus is undoubtedly Manihot esculenta, more commonly known as cassava. This starchy root crop is a staple food for millions of people across the globe, particularly in tropical regions.

A Closer Look at Manihot

Manihot species are native to the Americas, with a distribution spanning from the southwestern United States all the way down to Argentina. These plants thrive in warm climates and exhibit a remarkable ability to tolerate drought conditions. They are characterized by their milky sap, which contains cyanogenic glycosides. While these compounds can be toxic if consumed in large quantities, traditional processing methods effectively remove them, rendering the cassava root safe to eat.

Notable Species within the Manihot Genus

The Manihot genus encompasses a vast array of species, each with its own unique characteristics and uses. Here are:

  1. Manihot esculenta (Cassava): This species is the most economically important member of the genus, cultivated for its starchy, edible roots. Cassava is a staple food in many tropical regions and is also used to produce tapioca and animal feed.
  2. Manihot grahamii (Graham’s Manihot): This species is a fast-growing shrub native to South America. It is known for its ornamental value, with attractive lobed leaves and fragrant flowers.
  3. Manihot acuminatissima Müll.Arg.
  4. Manihot aesculifolia (Kunth) Pohl
  5. Manihot allemii M.J.Silva
  6. Manihot alterniflora P.Carvalho & M.Martins
  7. Manihot alutacea D.J.Rogers & Appan
  8. Manihot angustiloba (Torr.) Müll.Arg.
  9. Manihot anisophylla (Griseb.) Müll.Arg.
  10. Manihot anomala Pohl
  11. Manihot appanii M.J.Silva
  12. Manihot arenaria M.Mend.
  13. Manihot attenuata Müll.Arg.
  14. Manihot auriculata McVaugh
  15. Manihot australis M.Mend. & Orlandini
  16. Manihot baccata Allem
  17. Manihot bellidifolia P.Carvalho & M.Martins
  18. Manihot boliviana Pax & K.Hoffm.
  19. Manihot brachyandra Pax & K.Hoffm.
  20. Manihot brachyloba Müll.Arg.
  21. Manihot brachystachys Pax & K.Hoffm.
  22. Manihot brasiliana M.Mend. & T.B.Cavalc.
  23. Manihot breviloba P.Carvalho & M.Martins
  24. Manihot caerulescens Pohl
  25. Manihot carthagenensis (Jacq.) Müll.Arg.
  26. Manihot catingae Ule
  27. Manihot caudata Greenm.
  28. Manihot cecropiifolia Pohl
  29. Manihot cezarii M.Martins
  30. Manihot chlorosticta Standl. & Goldman
  31. Manihot coimbrana M.Mend.
  32. Manihot compositifolia Allem
  33. Manihot condensata D.J.Rogers & Appan
  34. Manihot confertiflora M.J.Silva
  35. Manihot congesta M.Mend. & T.B.Cavalc.
  36. Manihot corymbiflora Pax & K.Hoffm.
  37. Manihot crassisepala Pax & K.Hoffm.
  38. Manihot crotalariiformis Pohl
  39. Manihot davisiae Croizat
  40. Manihot debilis M.Mend. & T.B.Cavalc.
  41. Manihot decurrens M.Mend. & M.Martins
  42. Manihot diamantinensis Allem
  43. Manihot dichotoma Ule
  44. Manihot divergens Pohl
  45. Manihot ebracteata M.Mend. & T.B.Cavalc.
  46. Manihot elongata P.Carvalho & M.Martins
  47. Manihot epruinosa Pax & K.Hoffm.
  48. Manihot erecta M.Mend. & T.B.Cavalc.
  49. Manihot fabianae M.Mend.
  50. Manihot falcata D.J.Rogers & Appan
  51. Manihot fallax M.J.Silva & L.S.Inocencio
  52. Manihot filamentosa Pittier
  53. Manihot flemingiana D.J.Rogers & Appan
  54. Manihot foetida (Kunth) Pohl
  55. Manihot fortalezensis Nassar, D.G.Ribeiro, Bomfim & P.T.C.Gomes
  56. Manihot fruticulosa (Pax) D.J.Rogers & Appan
  57. Manihot gabrielensis Allem
  58. Manihot glauca M.Mend. & T.B.Cavalc.
  59. Manihot gracilis Pohl
  60. Manihot graminiformis M.Mend.
  61. Manihot gratiosa M.J.Silva
  62. Manihot guaranitica Chodat & Hassl.
  63. Manihot hahnii M.Martins & T.Silveira
  64. Manihot handroana Cruz
  65. Manihot hassleriana Chodat
  66. Manihot heptaphylla Ule
  67. Manihot hilariana Baill.
  68. Manihot hunzikeriana Mart.Crov.
  69. Manihot incisa M.Mend. & T.B.Cavalc.
  70. Manihot inflata Müll.Arg.
  71. Manihot inflexa M.Mend. & T.B.Cavalc.
  72. Manihot irwinii D.J.Rogers & Appan
  73. Manihot jacobinensis Müll.Arg.
  74. Manihot janiphoides Müll.Arg.
  75. Manihot jolyana Cruz
  76. Manihot kalungae M.J.Silva & Sodré
  77. Manihot leptophylla Pax & K.Hoffm.
  78. Manihot linearifolia Müll.Arg.
  79. Manihot longepetiolata Pohl
  80. Manihot longiracemosa P.Carvalho & M.Martins
  81. Manihot lourdesiae M.J.Silva
  82. Manihot luxurians M.J.Silva
  83. Manihot macrocarpa P.Carvalho & M.Martins
  84. Manihot maracasensis Ule
  85. Manihot marajoara Huber
  86. Manihot mattogrossensis Pax & K.Hoffm.
  87. Manihot mcvaughii V.W.Steinm.
  88. Manihot membranacea Pax & K.Hoffm.
  89. Manihot michaelis McVaugh
  90. Manihot minima M.Mend. & T.B.Cavalc.
  91. Manihot minimiflora M.J.Silva
  92. Manihot mirabilis Pax
  93. Manihot montana M.J.Silva
  94. Manihot mossamedensis Taub.
  95. Manihot nana Müll.Arg.
  96. Manihot neusana Nassar
  97. Manihot nogueirae Allem
  98. Manihot oaxacana D.J.Rogers & Appan
  99. Manihot obovata J.Jiménez Ram.
  100. Manihot oligantha Pax & K.Hoffm.
  101. Manihot orbicularis Pohl
  102. Manihot pachycaulis M.J.Silva
  103. Manihot palmata Müll.Arg.
  104. Manihot pandurata M.Martins & M.Mend.
  105. Manihot pauciflora Brandegee
  106. Manihot paviifolia Pohl
  107. Manihot peltata Pohl
  108. Manihot pentaphylla Pohl
  109. Manihot peruviana Müll.Arg.
  110. Manihot pilosa Pohl
  111. Manihot pinatiloba M.Mend. & T.B.Cavalc.
  112. Manihot pohliana Müll.Arg.
  113. Manihot pohlii Wawra
  114. Manihot populifolia Pax
  115. Manihot porphyrantha M.Mend. & T.B.Cavalc.
  116. Manihot pringlei S.Watson
  117. Manihot procumbens Müll.Arg.
  118. Manihot pruinosa Pohl
  119. Manihot pseudoglaziovii Pax & K.Hoffm.
  120. Manihot pulchrifolius M.J.Silva
  121. Manihot purpurea M.Mend. & T.B.Cavalc.
  122. Manihot purpureocostata Pohl
  123. Manihot pusilla Pohl
  124. Manihot quinquefolia Pohl
  125. Manihot quinqueloba Pohl
  126. Manihot quinquepartita Huber ex D.J.Rogers & Appan
  127. Manihot reflexifolia P.Carvalho & M.Martins
  128. Manihot reniformis Pohl
  129. Manihot reptans Pax
  130. Manihot rhomboidea Müll.Arg.
  131. Manihot robusta M.Mend. & T.B.Cavalc.
  132. Manihot rubricaulis I.M.Johnst.
  133. Manihot sagittata M.Mend. & M.Martins
  134. Manihot sagittatopartita Pohl
  135. Manihot salicifolia Pohl
  136. Manihot saxatilis M.J.Silva & Sodré
  137. Manihot scandens L.S.Inocencio & M.J.Silva
  138. Manihot sparsifolia Pohl
  139. Manihot stellata M.Mend.
  140. Manihot stipularis Pax
  141. Manihot striata M.Mend. & M.Martins
  142. Manihot stricta Baill.
  143. Manihot subspicata D.J.Rogers & Appan
  144. Manihot surinamensis D.J.Rogers & Appan
  145. Manihot takape De Egea & Peña-Chocarro
  146. Manihot tenella Müll.Arg.
  147. Manihot tomatophylla Standl.
  148. Manihot tombadorensis M.Mend. & T.B.Cavalc.
  149. Manihot tomentosa Pohl
  150. Manihot triloba (Sessé) McVaugh ex Miranda
  151. Manihot tripartita (Spreng.) Müll.Arg.
  152. Manihot triphylla Pohl
  153. Manihot tristis Müll.Arg.
  154. Manihot variifolia Pax & K.Hoffm.
  155. Manihot veadeirensis M.J.Silva
  156. Manihot violacea Pohl
  157. Manihot walkerae Croizat
  158. Manihot websteri D.J.Rogers & Appan
  159. Manihot weddelliana Baill.
  160. Manihot xavantinensis D.J.Rogers & Appan
  161. Manihot zehntneri Ule

The Importance of Manihot

The Manihot genus, particularly cassava, plays a crucial role in global food security. This drought-tolerant crop thrives in regions where other staple crops struggle, providing a reliable source of carbohydrates for millions of people. In addition to its nutritional value, cassava also has industrial applications. It is used in the production of starch, flour, animal feed, and biofuel.

Conservation Efforts

While some Manihot species are widely cultivated, others face threats due to habitat loss and the impact of climate change. Conservation efforts are crucial to preserve the genetic diversity of this important genus. Researchers are working to identify and conserve wild relatives of cassava, which may hold valuable traits for improving crop yields and resilience.

Looking Ahead

The Manihot genus holds immense potential for future research and development. Scientists are exploring ways to enhance the nutritional content of cassava, develop new varieties with improved disease resistance, and utilize the plant’s unique properties for various industrial applications. As we continue to learn more about this fascinating genus, we can unlock its full potential to contribute to a more sustainable and food-secure future.

I hope this exploration of the Manihot genus has been informative and engaging. As we’ve seen, this diverse group of plants plays a vital role in our world, from providing sustenance to millions to offering potential solutions for various industrial challenges. I encourage you to delve deeper into the world of botany and discover the wonders that await.

Scroll to Top