821 Species of Genus Centaurea

The Enchanting World of Centaurea: A Personal Exploration

I’ve always been fascinated by the diversity of the plant kingdom. The sheer variety of forms, colors, and adaptations is a testament to the power of evolution. Among the many plant genera that have captured my attention, Centaurea holds a special place. This genus, belonging to the Asteraceae family, is a treasure trove of over 800 species, each with its unique charm.  

Why Centaurea?

What draws me to Centaurea is its remarkable diversity. From the vibrant cornflower (Centaurea cyanus) to the imposing yellow star-thistle (Centaurea solstitialis), the genus encompasses a wide range of forms and colors. This diversity is a reflection of the genus’s wide distribution, spanning across Europe, Asia, and North Africa.

Centaurea species have also played a significant role in human history and culture. The cornflower, for instance, has been a symbol of remembrance and hope, while other species have been used in traditional medicine and as ornamental plants.

Diving Deep into Diversity: Centaurea Species

  1. Centaurea acaulis L.
  2. Centaurea achaia Boiss. & Heldr.
  3. Centaurea achilleifolia Homrani-Bakali & Susanna
  4. Centaurea achtarovii Urum.
  5. Centaurea acicularis Sm.
  6. Centaurea acmophylla Boiss.
  7. Centaurea adamovicii Velen.
  8. Centaurea adscendens (Bartl.) Prodan
  9. Centaurea aegyptiaca L.
  10. Centaurea × aellenii Arènes
  11. Centaurea aeolica Guss. ex Lojac.
  12. Centaurea aetaliae (Sommier) Bég.
  13. Centaurea aetolica Phitos & T.Georgiadis
  14. Centaurea affinis Friv.
  15. Centaurea aggregata Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex DC.
  16. Centaurea aguilellae Mateo & M.B.Crespo
  17. Centaurea ahverdovii Gabrieljan
  18. Centaurea ainetensis Boiss.
  19. Centaurea akamantis T.Georgiadis & Hadjik.
  20. Centaurea akmanii Yıld.
  21. Centaurea akroteriensis Gennaio & Q.G.Manni
  22. Centaurea aksoyi Hamzaoğlu & Budak
  23. Centaurea aladaghensis Wagenitz
  24. Centaurea alba L.
  25. Centaurea albertii Rexhepi
  26. Centaurea albofimbriata Stef. & T.Georgiev
  27. Centaurea albonitens Turrill
  28. Centaurea alexandrina Delile
  29. Centaurea alfonsoi Negaresh
  30. Centaurea ali-beyana Font Quer & Pau
  31. Centaurea alveicola Rech.f.
  32. Centaurea amadanensis Sch.Bip.
  33. Centaurea amaena Boiss. & Balansa
  34. Centaurea amanicola Hub.-Mor.
  35. Centaurea amanosensis M.Bona
  36. Centaurea ambigua Guss.
  37. Centaurea amblensis Graells
  38. Centaurea ammocyanus Boiss.
  39. Centaurea angelescui Grinţ.
  40. Centaurea ankarica Uysal & Hamzaoğlu
  41. Centaurea antalyensis H.Duman & A.Duran
  42. Centaurea antennata Dufour
  43. Centaurea anthemifolia Hub.-Mor.
  44. Centaurea antiochia Boiss.
  45. Centaurea antitauri Hayek
  46. Centaurea aphrodisea Boiss.
  47. Centaurea aplolepa Moretti
  48. Centaurea appendicata Klokov
  49. Centaurea arachnoidea Viv.
  50. Centaurea ardabilica Ranjbar & Heydari
  51. Centaurea arenaria M.Bieb. ex Willd.
  52. Centaurea argecillensis Gredilla
  53. Centaurea argentea L.
  54. Centaurea arifolia Boiss.
  55. Centaurea aristata Hoffmanns. & Link
  56. Centaurea armena Boiss.
  57. Centaurea arrigonii Greuter
  58. Centaurea ascalonica Bornm.
  59. Centaurea aspera L.
  60. Centaurea aspromontana Brullo, Scelsi & Spamp.
  61. Centaurea assadii Ranjbar & Negaresh
  62. Centaurea athoa DC.
  63. Centaurea atlantica Pomel
  64. Centaurea atlantis Maire & Weiller
  65. Centaurea atrata Willd.
  66. Centaurea atropurpurea Olivier
  67. Centaurea attica Nyman
  68. Centaurea aucheri (DC.) Wagenitz
  69. Centaurea austroanatolica Hub.-Mor.
  70. Centaurea austrobalcanica (Skokanová) Raus & Strid
  71. Centaurea avilae Pau
  72. Centaurea axillaris Willd.
  73. Centaurea aytugiana Bancheva, Kaya & Binzet
  74. Centaurea aziziana Rech.f.
  75. Centaurea babylonica (L.) L.
  76. Centaurea bachtiarica Hayek & Bornm.
  77. Centaurea baldaccii Degen
  78. Centaurea baseri Köse & Alan
  79. Centaurea bavegehensis Ranjbar & Negaresh
  80. Centaurea × beckiana Müllner
  81. Centaurea behen L.
  82. Centaurea benedicta (L.) L.
  83. Centaurea besseriana DC.
  84. Centaurea bethurica E.López & Devesa
  85. Centaurea × bilbilitana Pau
  86. Centaurea bimorpha Viv.
  87. Centaurea bingoelensis Behçet & İlçim
  88. Centaurea biokovensis Teyber
  89. Centaurea blancheana Mouterde
  90. Centaurea bofilliana Sennen ex Devesa & E.López
  91. Centaurea boissieri DC.
  92. Centaurea bojnordensis Ranjbar, Negaresh & Joharchi
  93. Centaurea bombycina Boiss. ex DC.
  94. Centaurea borjae Valdés Berm. & Rivas Goday
  95. Centaurea borysthenica Gruner
  96. Centaurea bourgaei Boiss.
  97. Centaurea bovina Velen.
  98. Centaurea breviceps Iljin
  99. Centaurea bruguieriana (DC.) Hand.-Mazz.
  100. Centaurea brulla Greuter
  101. Centaurea bugellensis (Soldano) Soldano
  102. Centaurea busambarensis Guss.
  103. Centaurea cadmea Boiss.
  104. Centaurea calabra G.Caruso, S.A.Giardina, Raimondo & Spadaro
  105. Centaurea calcitrapa L.
  106. Centaurea caliacrae Prodan
  107. Centaurea calocephala Willd.
  108. Centaurea calolepis Boiss.
  109. Centaurea camelorum Velen.
  110. Centaurea cankiriensis A.Duran & H.Duman
  111. Centaurea caprina Steven
  112. Centaurea carduiformis DC.
  113. Centaurea cariensiformis Hub.-Mor.
  114. Centaurea cariensis Boiss.
  115. Centaurea caroli-henrici Gabrieljan & Dittrich
  116. Centaurea carolipauana Fern.Casas & Susanna
  117. Centaurea carratracensis Lange
  118. Centaurea carystea Trigas & Constantin.
  119. Centaurea caspia Grossh.
  120. Centaurea cassia Boiss.
  121. Centaurea castellana Boiss. & Reut.
  122. Centaurea × castellano-manchensis Mateo & M.B.Crespo
  123. Centaurea castellanoides Talavera
  124. Centaurea cataonica Boiss. & Hausskn.
  125. Centaurea cavanillesiana Graells
  126. Centaurea × cavarae Guadagno ex Del Guacchio, Cennamo & P.Caputo
  127. Centaurea × ceballosii Fern.Casas
  128. Centaurea centauroides L.
  129. Centaurea × cephalariseptimae Fern.Casas & Susanna
  130. Centaurea ceratophylla Ten.
  131. Centaurea chalcidicea Hayek
  132. Centaurea charrelii Halácsy & Dörfl.
  133. Centaurea cheiranthifolia Willd.
  134. Centaurea cheirolepidoides Wagenitz
  135. Centaurea cheirolopha (Fenzl) Wagenitz
  136. Centaurea chrysantha Wagenitz
  137. Centaurea chrysocephala Phitos & T.Georgiadis
  138. Centaurea chrysolepis Vis.
  139. Centaurea cineraria L.
  140. Centaurea cithaeronea Phitos & Constantin.
  141. Centaurea citricolor Font Quer
  142. Centaurea clementei Boiss. ex DC.
  143. Centaurea codringtonii Rech.f.
  144. Centaurea codruensis Prodan
  145. Centaurea collina L.
  146. Centaurea × confusa H.J.Coste & Sennen
  147. Centaurea conocephala Bolle
  148. Centaurea consanguinea DC.
  149. Centaurea corcubionensis M.Laínz
  150. Centaurea cordubensis Font Quer
  151. Centaurea coronata Lamy
  152. Centaurea corymbosa Pourr.
  153. Centaurea costae Willk.
  154. Centaurea × costeana Sennen
  155. Centaurea coziensis Nyár.
  156. Centaurea cristata Bartl.
  157. Centaurea crithmifolia Vis.
  158. Centaurea crnogorica Rohlena
  159. Centaurea × croatica J.Wagner & Degen
  160. Centaurea cuneifolia Sm.
  161. Centaurea cuspidata Vis.
  162. Centaurea cyanoides Wahlenb.
  163. Centaurea cyanomorpha Stef. & T.Georgiev
  164. Centaurea cyanus L.
  165. Centaurea cylindrocephala Bornm.
  166. Centaurea cyprensis (Holub) T.Georgiadis
  167. Centaurea cyrenaica Bég. & Vacc.
  168. Centaurea dalmatica A.Kern.
  169. Centaurea damascena Boiss.
  170. Centaurea daneshvarii Negaresh & Oreizi
  171. Centaurea daralagoezica (Fomin) Greuter
  172. Centaurea davisii Wagenitz
  173. Centaurea debdouensis Breitw. & Podlech
  174. Centaurea debeauxii Godr. & Gren.
  175. Centaurea decipiens Thuill.
  176. Centaurea degeniana J.Wagner
  177. Centaurea degenianiformis Prodan
  178. Centaurea delbesiana Arènes
  179. Centaurea delicatula Breitw. & Podlech
  180. Centaurea delucae C.Guarino & Rampone
  181. Centaurea demetrii Dumbadze
  182. Centaurea demirizii Wagenitz
  183. Centaurea demirkapiensis Micevski
  184. Centaurea depressa M.Bieb.
  185. Centaurea derderiifolia Wagenitz
  186. Centaurea derventana Vis. & Pančić
  187. Centaurea deusta Ten.
  188. Centaurea deustiformis Adamović
  189. Centaurea devasiana Bergmeier & Strid
  190. Centaurea dezfulica Ranjbar & S.Mohamadi
  191. Centaurea dhofarica Baker
  192. Centaurea dichroa Boiss. & Heldr.
  193. Centaurea dichroantha A.Kern.
  194. Centaurea diffusa Lam.
  195. Centaurea diluta Aiton
  196. Centaurea diomedea Gasp.
  197. Centaurea djebel-amouri Greuter
  198. Centaurea × dobrogensis Prodan & J.Wagner
  199. Centaurea doddsii Post ex Boiss.
  200. Centaurea dolopica Zograf., Koutr., Liveri & Dimop.
  201. Centaurea dominii (Dostál) Dubovik
  202. Centaurea donetzica Klokov
  203. Centaurea × doumerguei Faure & Maire
  204. Centaurea drabifolia Sm.
  205. Centaurea drabifolioides Hub.-Mor.
  206. Centaurea drenovensis Pils
  207. Centaurea dubjanskyi Iljin
  208. Centaurea ducellieri Batt. & Trab.
  209. Centaurea dumanii (Dinç, A.Duran & Bilgili) Dinç & Doğu
  210. Centaurea dumulosa Boiss.
  211. Centaurea dursunbeyensis Uysal & Köse
  212. Centaurea ebenoides Heldr. ex S.Moore
  213. Centaurea × eclipsislunae Mateo & M.B.Crespo
  214. Centaurea edith-mariae Radić
  215. Centaurea eflanensis (Kaya & Bancheva) Şirin & Ertuğrul
  216. Centaurea elazigensis Kaya & Vural
  217. Centaurea elbrusensis Boiss. & Buhse
  218. Centaurea elegantissima Bornm.
  219. Centaurea eliasii Sennen & Pau
  220. Centaurea emigrantis Bubani
  221. Centaurea emiliae Huseynova & Garakhani
  222. Centaurea emporitana Vayreda ex Hayek
  223. Centaurea ensiformis P.H.Davis
  224. Centaurea epapposa Velen.
  225. Centaurea epirota Halácsy
  226. Centaurea erdneri J.Wagner
  227. Centaurea erinacella Rech.f.
  228. Centaurea eriophora L.
  229. Centaurea ertugruliana Uysal
  230. Centaurea erycina Raimondo & Bancheva
  231. Centaurea eryngioides Lam.
  232. Centaurea esfandiarii Rech.f. & Aellen
  233. Centaurea euboica Rech.f.
  234. Centaurea euxina Velen.
  235. Centaurea exarata Boiss. ex Coss.
  236. Centaurea × extranea Beck ex Gugler
  237. Centaurea fabregatii Mateo & M.B.Crespo
  238. Centaurea farsistanica (Wagenitz) Ranjbar & Negaresh
  239. Centaurea fenzlii Reichardt
  240. Centaurea ferox Desf.
  241. Centaurea filiformis Viv.
  242. Centaurea finazzeri Adamović
  243. Centaurea flosculosa Balb. ex Willd.
  244. Centaurea × forsythiana Levier ex Filigh., Farris, Pisanu & Urbani
  245. Centaurea foucauldiana Maire
  246. Centaurea foveolata Blakelock
  247. Centaurea fragilis Durieu
  248. Centaurea francoi Figueiredo & Gideon F.Sm.
  249. Centaurea × frayana H.Boissieu ex Gáyer
  250. Centaurea friderici Vis.
  251. Centaurea furfuracea Coss. & Durieu
  252. Centaurea fuscomarginata (K.Koch) Juz.
  253. Centaurea fusiformis Blakelock
  254. Centaurea gabrieliae (Bornm.) Wagenitz
  255. Centaurea gabrielis-blancae Fern.Casas
  256. Centaurea gabrieljanae Greuter
  257. Centaurea gadorensis Blanca
  258. Centaurea galicicae Micevski
  259. Centaurea gallaecica (M.Laínz) Arnelas & Devesa
  260. Centaurea gattefossei Maire
  261. Centaurea × gautieriana Sennen
  262. Centaurea geluensis Boiss. & Hausskn.
  263. Centaurea × genesii-lopezii Fern.Casas & Susanna
  264. Centaurea gentilii Braun-Blanq. & Maire
  265. Centaurea gerberi Steven
  266. Centaurea gerhardii M.V.Agab.
  267. Centaurea germanicopolitana Bornm.
  268. Centaurea × gerstlaueri Erdner
  269. Centaurea ghahremanii Wagenitz & Esfand.
  270. Centaurea giardinae Raimondo & Spadaro
  271. Centaurea gigantea Sch.Bip. ex Boiss.
  272. Centaurea gjurasinii Bosnjak
  273. Centaurea glaberrima Tausch
  274. Centaurea glabroauriculata Uysal & Demir.
  275. Centaurea glastifolia L.
  276. Centaurea globurensis Nyár.
  277. Centaurea glomerata Vahl
  278. Centaurea gloriosa Radić
  279. Centaurea goerkii Yıld.
  280. Centaurea goksivriensis M.Bona
  281. Centaurea golestanica Akhani & Wagenitz
  282. Centaurea × grabowskiana J.Wagner
  283. Centaurea gracilenta Velen.
  284. Centaurea graeca Griseb.
  285. Centaurea × grafiana DC.
  286. Centaurea graminifolia (Lam.) Muñoz Rodr. & Devesa
  287. Centaurea granatensis Boiss. ex DC.
  288. Centaurea grbavacensis (Rohlena) Stoj. & Acht.
  289. Centaurea greuteri E.Gamal-Eldin & Wagenitz
  290. Centaurea grisebachii (Nyman) Heldr.
  291. Centaurea × grosii Font Quer
  292. Centaurea gubanovii Kamelin
  293. Centaurea gudrunensis Boiss. & Hausskn.
  294. Centaurea gulissashvilii Dumbadze
  295. Centaurea gussonei Raimondo & Spadaro
  296. Centaurea gymnocarpa Moris & De Not.
  297. Centaurea hadacii Wagenitz
  298. Centaurea haenseleri (Boiss.) Boiss. & Reut.
  299. Centaurea hakkariensis Wagenitz
  300. Centaurea halophila Hub.-Mor.
  301. Centaurea handelii Wagenitz
  302. Centaurea hanryi Jord.
  303. Centaurea haradjianii Wagenitz
  304. Centaurea haussknechtii Boiss.
  305. Centaurea haynaldiiformis Prodan
  306. Centaurea hekimhanensis Şirin & Yıldırım
  307. Centaurea heldreichii Halácsy
  308. Centaurea helenioides Boiss. & Hausskn.
  309. Centaurea hellwigii Ranjbar & Negaresh
  310. Centaurea heratensis Rech.f. & Köie
  311. Centaurea hermannii Hermann
  312. Centaurea hervieri Degen
  313. Centaurea heterocarpa Boiss. & Gaill.
  314. Centaurea heywoodiana Raimondo, Spadaro & Di Grist.
  315. Centaurea hierapolitana Boiss.
  316. Centaurea hohenackeri Steven
  317. Centaurea hololeuca Boiss.
  318. Centaurea homoeosceros Pau
  319. Centaurea horrida Badarò
  320. Centaurea huljakii J.Wagner
  321. Centaurea hyalolepis Boiss.
  322. Centaurea hymettia Kit Tan, Zograf. & Bancheva
  323. Centaurea hyrcanica Bornm.
  324. Centaurea hyssopifolia Vahl
  325. Centaurea iberica Trevir. ex Spreng.
  326. Centaurea ibn-tattoui Chamboul., Bidat & J.F.Léger
  327. Centaurea idaea Boiss. & Heldr.
  328. Centaurea ilvensis (Sommier) Arrigoni
  329. Centaurea immanuelis-loewii Degen
  330. Centaurea imperialis Hausskn. ex Bornm.
  331. Centaurea incompleta Halácsy
  332. Centaurea incompta Vis.
  333. Centaurea indistincta (Wagenitz) Ranjbar & Negaresh
  334. Centaurea inermis Velen.
  335. Centaurea inexpectata Wagenitz
  336. Centaurea inexpugnabilis P.P.Ferrer, Mansanet-Salvador & R.Roselló
  337. Centaurea infestans Durieu
  338. Centaurea integrans (Fiori) Naggi ex Prain
  339. Centaurea intricata Boiss.
  340. Centaurea involucrata Desf.
  341. Centaurea ionica Brullo
  342. Centaurea ipecensis Rech.f.
  343. Centaurea iranshahrii Wagenitz & Esfand.
  344. Centaurea irritans Wagenitz
  345. Centaurea isaurica Hub.-Mor.
  346. Centaurea isiliae H.Duman, Uzunh. & Bahadır
  347. Centaurea ispahanica Boiss.
  348. Centaurea jacea L.
  349. Centaurea × jaceiformis Rouy
  350. Centaurea jaennensis Degen & Debeaux
  351. Centaurea janeri Graells
  352. Centaurea jankae D.Brândză
  353. Centaurea jankeana Simonk.
  354. Centaurea japygica (Lacaita) Brullo
  355. Centaurea jeffreyana Mesfin
  356. Centaurea jiroftensis (Ranjbar & Negaresh) Ranjbar & Heydari
  357. Centaurea joharchii Ranjbar & Negaresh
  358. Centaurea johnseniana Kit Tan & Strid
  359. Centaurea jordaniana Godr. & Gren.
  360. Centaurea josiae Humbert
  361. Centaurea jovinianum Sennen & Pau
  362. Centaurea jurineifolia Boiss.
  363. Centaurea × juvenalis Delile ex Godr.
  364. Centaurea kabirkuhensis Mozaff., F.Ghahrem. & Fereid.
  365. Centaurea kalambakensis Freyn & Sint.
  366. Centaurea kamalnejadii Negaresh
  367. Centaurea kamyaranensis Ranjbar & Negaresh
  368. Centaurea kandavanensis Wagenitz
  369. Centaurea kanitziana Janka ex D.Brândză
  370. Centaurea karamianiae Negaresh
  371. Centaurea kartschiana Scop.
  372. Centaurea karvandarensis Rech.f.
  373. Centaurea kavadarensis Micevski
  374. Centaurea kaynakiae Daşkın & Yılmaz
  375. Centaurea kemulariae Dumbadze
  376. Centaurea kermanshahensis (Wagenitz) Ranjbar & Negaresh
  377. Centaurea kerneriana Janka
  378. Centaurea khosraviana Negaresh
  379. Centaurea kilaea Boiss.
  380. Centaurea kirikkalensis Özbek
  381. Centaurea kirmacii Uysal & Armağan
  382. Centaurea kizildaghensis Uzunh., E.Doğan & H.Duman
  383. Centaurea × kleinii C.T.Roché & Susanna
  384. Centaurea kochiana (Holub) Greuter
  385. Centaurea koeieana Bornm.
  386. Centaurea kofinasii Kit Tan
  387. Centaurea konkae Klokov
  388. Centaurea kosaninii Hayek
  389. Centaurea kotschyana Heuff.
  390. Centaurea kotschyi (Boiss.) Hayek
  391. Centaurea kozjakensis Micevski
  392. Centaurea × kuemmerlei Prodan & J.Wagner
  393. Centaurea kuhdashtensis Ranjbar & S.Mohamadi
  394. Centaurea kunkelii N.Garcia
  395. Centaurea × kupcsokiana J.Wagner
  396. Centaurea kurdica Reichardt
  397. Centaurea kusanii Radić
  398. Centaurea lacaitae Peruzzi
  399. Centaurea lacerata (Hausskn.) Halácsy
  400. Centaurea laconica Boiss.
  401. Centaurea lactiflora Halácsy
  402. Centaurea lactucifolia Boiss.
  403. Centaurea lagascana Graells
  404. Centaurea lainzii Fern.Casas
  405. Centaurea lancifolia Sieber ex Spreng.
  406. Centaurea langei Nyman
  407. Centaurea lanigera DC.
  408. Centaurea lanulata Eig
  409. Centaurea latiloba Klokov
  410. Centaurea laureotica Heldr. ex Halácsy
  411. Centaurea lavrenkoana Klokov
  412. Centaurea laxa Boiss. & Hausskn.
  413. Centaurea legionis-septimae Fern.Casas & Susanna
  414. Centaurea leonidia Kalpoutz. & Constantin.
  415. Centaurea leptophylla (K.Koch) Tchich.
  416. Centaurea leucadea Lacaita
  417. Centaurea leucomalla Bornm.
  418. Centaurea leucomelaena Hayek
  419. Centaurea leucophaea Jord.
  420. Centaurea limbata Hoffmanns. & Link
  421. Centaurea lingulata Lag.
  422. Centaurea linifolia L.
  423. Centaurea litardierei Jahand. & Maire
  424. Centaurea litigiosa (Fiori) Arrigoni
  425. Centaurea litochorea T.Georgiadis & Phitos
  426. Centaurea × livonica Weinm.
  427. Centaurea longepedunculata Sch.Bip. ex Boiss.
  428. Centaurea longifimbriata Wagenitz
  429. Centaurea longispina (Post) Wagenitz
  430. Centaurea loscosii Willk.
  431. Centaurea lovricii Bogdanović, Boršić, Ljubičić, Brullo & Giusso
  432. Centaurea lugdunensis Jord.
  433. Centaurea luristanica Rech.f.
  434. Centaurea luschaniana Heimerl ex Stapf
  435. Centaurea lusitanica Boiss. & Reut.
  436. Centaurea lycaonica Boiss. & Heldr.
  437. Centaurea lycia Boiss.
  438. Centaurea lycopifolia Boiss. & Kotschy
  439. Centaurea lydia Boiss.
  440. Centaurea macedonica Boiss.
  441. Centaurea macroacantha Guss.
  442. Centaurea macrocephala Muss.Puschk. ex Willd.
  443. Centaurea macroptilon Borbás
  444. Centaurea magistrorum Arrigoni & Camarda
  445. Centaurea magocsyana W.H.Wagner
  446. Centaurea maireana Emb.
  447. Centaurea × mairei Faure
  448. Centaurea majorovii Dumbadze
  449. Centaurea malacitana Boiss.
  450. Centaurea malatyensis Kültür & M.Bona
  451. Centaurea malinvaldiana Batt.
  452. Centaurea mannagettae Podp.
  453. Centaurea maramarosiensis (Jáv.) Czerep.
  454. Centaurea marashica Uzunh., Tekşen & E.Doğan
  455. Centaurea margarita-alba Klokov
  456. Centaurea mariana Nyman
  457. Centaurea × maritima Dufour
  458. Centaurea marmorea Bornm. & Soska
  459. Centaurea maroccana Ball
  460. Centaurea × masfitensis Benavent, P.P.Ferrer, Ferriol, Garmendia & Merle
  461. Centaurea masjedsoleymanensis Ranjbar & Askari
  462. Centaurea matthiolifolia Boiss.
  463. Centaurea mayeri Radić
  464. Centaurea × melanocalathia Borbás
  465. Centaurea melanocephala Pančić
  466. Centaurea melanosticta (Lange) Franco
  467. Centaurea melitensis L.
  468. Centaurea mengenensis Uysal & Şirin
  469. Centaurea mersinensis Uysal & Hamzaoğlu
  470. Centaurea mesopotamica Bornm.
  471. Centaurea messenicolasiana T.Georgiadis, Dimitrellos & Routsi
  472. Centaurea micevskii Greuter
  473. Centaurea micracantha Dufour
  474. Centaurea micrantha Hoffmanns. & Link
  475. Centaurea microcarpa Coss. & Durieu ex Batt. & Trab.
  476. Centaurea microcnicus Reese & Sam.
  477. Centaurea microlonchoides Boiss.
  478. Centaurea microlopha (Boiss.) Ranjbar & Negaresh
  479. Centaurea molesworthiae E.López, Devesa & García Rojas
  480. Centaurea mollis Waldst. & Kit.
  481. Centaurea monodii Arènes
  482. Centaurea montaltensis (Fiori) Peruzzi
  483. Centaurea montana L.
  484. Centaurea monticola Boiss. ex DC.
  485. Centaurea montis-borlae Soldano
  486. Centaurea mouterdei Wagenitz
  487. Centaurea movlavia Parsa
  488. Centaurea mozaffarianii Negaresh
  489. Centaurea mucurensis Teyber
  490. Centaurea murbeckii Hayek
  491. Centaurea musakii T.Georgiadis
  492. Centaurea musarum Boiss. & Orph.
  493. Centaurea musimonum Maire
  494. Centaurea × mutabilis St.-Amans
  495. Centaurea nallihanensis Uysal & Hamzaoğlu
  496. Centaurea nana Desf.
  497. Centaurea napifolia L.
  498. Centaurea napulifera Rochel
  499. Centaurea neiceffii Degen & J.Wagner
  500. Centaurea nemecii Nábělek
  501. Centaurea nemoralis Jord.
  502. Centaurea nerimaniae Kültür
  503. Centaurea nervosa Willd.
  504. Centaurea nevadensis Boiss. & Reut.
  505. Centaurea nicolai Bald.
  506. Centaurea niederi Heldr.
  507. Centaurea nigerica Hutch.
  508. Centaurea nigra L.
  509. Centaurea nigrescens Willd.
  510. Centaurea nigrofimbria Sosn.
  511. Centaurea nissana Petrovič
  512. Centaurea nivea (Bornm.) Wagenitz
  513. Centaurea nobilis (E.Groves) Brullo
  514. Centaurea × noguerensis Mateo
  515. Centaurea × nouelii Franch. ex H.J.Coste
  516. Centaurea novakii Dostál
  517. Centaurea × numantina A.Segura
  518. Centaurea nydeggeri Hub.-Mor.
  519. Centaurea obtusifolia (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Wagenitz
  520. Centaurea obtusiloba Batt.
  521. Centaurea occasus Fern.Casas
  522. Centaurea ochrocephala Wagenitz
  523. Centaurea odessana Prodan
  524. Centaurea odyssei Wagenitz
  525. Centaurea ognjanoffii Urum.
  526. Centaurea oltensis Sosn.
  527. Centaurea olympica (DC.) K.Koch
  528. Centaurea omphalodes (Benth. & Hook.f.) Coss.
  529. Centaurea onopordifolia Boiss.
  530. Centaurea oranensis Greuter & M.V.Agab.
  531. Centaurea orbelica Velen.
  532. Centaurea orientalis L.
  533. Centaurea oriolii-bolosii Fern.Casas
  534. Centaurea ornata Willd.
  535. Centaurea orphanidea Heldr. & Sartori ex Boiss.
  536. Centaurea orumiehensis Ranjbar & Negaresh
  537. Centaurea oscensis (Pau ex E.López & Devesa) Raab-Straube & Greuter
  538. Centaurea osmaniyensis İlçim
  539. Centaurea ossaea Halácsy
  540. Centaurea ovina Pall. ex Willd.
  541. Centaurea oxylepis (Wimm. & Grab.) Hayek
  542. Centaurea pabotii Wagenitz
  543. Centaurea paczoskyi Kotov ex Klokov
  544. Centaurea palanganensis Ranjbar & Askari
  545. Centaurea pallescens Delile
  546. Centaurea pamphylica Boiss. & Heldr.
  547. Centaurea pandataria (Fiori & Bég.) Bég.
  548. Centaurea pangaea Greuter & Papan.
  549. Centaurea paniculata L.
  550. Centaurea panormitana Lojac.
  551. Centaurea paphlagonica (Bornm.) Wagenitz
  552. Centaurea papposa (Coss.) Greuter
  553. Centaurea × paredensis (G.López) Mateo & Arán
  554. Centaurea parilica Stoj. & Stef.
  555. Centaurea parlatoris Heldr.
  556. Centaurea parviflora Desf.
  557. Centaurea patula DC.
  558. Centaurea × paucispina (Ferriol, Merle & Garmendia) P.P.Ferrer, Ferriol, Merle & Garmendia
  559. Centaurea paui Loscos ex Willk.
  560. Centaurea pauneroi Talavera & J.Muñoz
  561. Centaurea pawlowskii Phitos & Damboldt
  562. Centaurea paxorum Phitos & T.Georgiadis
  563. Centaurea pectinata L.
  564. Centaurea pelia DC.
  565. Centaurea peltieri Homrani-Bakali & Susanna
  566. Centaurea pentadactyli Brullo, Scelsi & Spamp.
  567. Centaurea perrottettii DC.
  568. Centaurea persica Boiss.
  569. Centaurea pestalotii De Not. ex Ces.
  570. Centaurea pestalozzae Boiss.
  571. Centaurea peucedanifolia Boiss. & Orph.
  572. Centaurea phaeolepis Coss.
  573. Centaurea phalacrica Brullo, Cambria, Crisafulli, Tavilla & Sciandr.
  574. Centaurea phlomoides Boiss. & Hausskn.
  575. Centaurea phrygia L.
  576. Centaurea pichleri Boiss.
  577. Centaurea pinae Pau
  578. Centaurea pinardii Boiss.
  579. Centaurea pindicola Griseb.
  580. Centaurea pineticola Iljin
  581. Centaurea pinetorum Hub.-Mor.
  582. Centaurea × pinillosii Mateo & M.B.Crespo
  583. Centaurea pinnata Pau ex Vicioso
  584. Centaurea pinnatifida Schur
  585. Centaurea poculatoris Greuter
  586. Centaurea podospermifolia Loscos & J.Pardo
  587. Centaurea poeltiana Puntillo
  588. Centaurea polyacantha Willd.
  589. Centaurea polyclada DC.
  590. Centaurea polymorpha Lag.
  591. Centaurea polyphylla Ledeb. ex Nordm.
  592. Centaurea polypodiifolia Boiss.
  593. Centaurea pomeliana Batt.
  594. Centaurea pontica Prodan & Nyár.
  595. Centaurea postii Boiss.
  596. Centaurea praecox Oliv. & Hiern
  597. Centaurea × preissmannii Hayek
  598. Centaurea princeps Boiss. & Heldr.
  599. Centaurea procurrens Sieber ex Spreng.
  600. Centaurea prolongi Boiss. ex DC.
  601. Centaurea promota (E.Gamal-Eldin & Wagenitz) Strid
  602. Centaurea proto-gerberi Klokov
  603. Centaurea proto-margaritacea Klokov
  604. Centaurea × psammogena Gáyer
  605. Centaurea pseudoaxillaris Stef. & T.Georgiev
  606. Centaurea pseudobovina Hayek ex Stoj. & Stef.
  607. Centaurea pseudocadmea Wagenitz
  608. Centaurea pseudocineraria (Fiori) Rouy
  609. Centaurea pseudodegeniana Prodan
  610. Centaurea pseudokotschyi Wagenitz
  611. Centaurea pseudoleucolepis Kleopow
  612. Centaurea pseudomaculosa Dobrocz.
  613. Centaurea pseudomagocsyana Prodan
  614. Centaurea pseudoreflexa Hayek
  615. Centaurea pseudoscabiosa Boiss. & Buhse
  616. Centaurea pseudosinaica Czerep.
  617. Centaurea psilacantha Boiss. & Heldr.
  618. Centaurea ptarmicifolia Halácsy ex Hayek
  619. Centaurea pterocaula Trautv.
  620. Centaurea ptosimopappa Hayek
  621. Centaurea ptosimopappoides Wagenitz
  622. Centaurea pubescens Willd.
  623. Centaurea pugioniformis Nyár.
  624. Centaurea pulchella Ledeb.
  625. Centaurea pullata L.
  626. Centaurea pulvinata (Blanca) Blanca
  627. Centaurea pungens Pomel
  628. Centaurea radichii Plazibat
  629. Centaurea ragusina L.
  630. Centaurea rahiminejadii Negaresh
  631. Centaurea raimondoi Bancheva & Kaya
  632. Centaurea raphanina Sm.
  633. Centaurea ravansarensis Ranjbar & Negaresh
  634. Centaurea rechingeri Phitos
  635. Centaurea redempta Heldr.
  636. Centaurea × reditus F.Herm.
  637. Centaurea reducta Wagenitz
  638. Centaurea reflexa Lam.
  639. Centaurea regia Boiss.
  640. Centaurea reichenbachii DC.
  641. Centaurea resupinata Coss.
  642. Centaurea reuteriana Boiss.
  643. Centaurea rhaetica Moritzi
  644. Centaurea rhizantha C.A.Mey.
  645. Centaurea rhizocalathium (K.Koch) Boiss.
  646. Centaurea rigida Banks & Sol.
  647. Centaurea rivasmateoi Ladero
  648. Centaurea ropalon Pomel
  649. Centaurea × rossiana J.Wagner
  650. Centaurea rouyi Coincy
  651. Centaurea rufidula Bornm.
  652. Centaurea rumelica Boiss.
  653. Centaurea rupestris L.
  654. Centaurea rutifolia Sm.
  655. Centaurea saccensis Raimondo, Bancheva & Ilardi
  656. Centaurea sagredoi Blanca
  657. Centaurea sakarensis Bancheva & Raimondo
  658. Centaurea sakariyaensis Uysal & Dural
  659. Centaurea saligna (K.Koch) Wagenitz
  660. Centaurea salmasensis Ranjbar & Heydari
  661. Centaurea salonitana Vis.
  662. Centaurea samothracica Strid & Kit Tan
  663. Centaurea sanandajensis Ranjbar & Negaresh
  664. Centaurea × sanchisiana Gómez Nav., Mansanet-Salvador, P.P.Ferrer, R.Roselló, E.Laguna & Peris
  665. Centaurea sarandinakiae N.B.Illar.
  666. Centaurea × saratoi (Briq.) Rouy
  667. Centaurea sarfattiana Brullo, Gangale & Uzunov
  668. Centaurea savranica Klokov
  669. Centaurea saxicola Lag.
  670. Centaurea saxifraga Coincy
  671. Centaurea scabiosa L.
  672. Centaurea scannensis Anzal., Soldano & F.Conti
  673. Centaurea schimperi DC.
  674. Centaurea schousboei Lange
  675. Centaurea scillae Brullo
  676. Centaurea sclerolepis Boiss.
  677. Centaurea scoparia Sieber ex Spreng.
  678. Centaurea scopulorum Boiss. & Heldr.
  679. Centaurea scripczinskyi Mikheev
  680. Centaurea seguenzae (Lacaita) Brullo, Marcenò & Siracusa
  681. Centaurea sehat-niakii Negaresh
  682. Centaurea × semiaustriaca Nyár.
  683. Centaurea semidecurrens Jord.
  684. Centaurea semiusta Juz.
  685. Centaurea senegalensis DC.
  686. Centaurea × senneniana Rouy
  687. Centaurea sennikoviana Negaresh & Kaya
  688. Centaurea sericea Wagenitz
  689. Centaurea seridis L.
  690. Centaurea serowensis Negaresh
  691. Centaurea serpentinica A.Duran & B.Doğan
  692. Centaurea shahuensis Ranjbar & Negaresh
  693. Centaurea shehbazii Ranjbar & Negaresh
  694. Centaurea shouilea Parsa
  695. Centaurea shumkana Kit Tan, Shuka & Wagenitz
  696. Centaurea sicana Raimondo & Spadaro
  697. Centaurea sicula L.
  698. Centaurea sieheana Wagenitz
  699. Centaurea simonkaiana Hayek
  700. Centaurea simulans Wagenitz
  701. Centaurea sinaica DC.
  702. Centaurea singarensis Boiss. & Hausskn.
  703. Centaurea sintenisiana Gand.
  704. Centaurea sipylea Wagenitz
  705. Centaurea sirdjanica Parsa
  706. Centaurea sivasica Wagenitz
  707. Centaurea skopjensis Micevski
  708. Centaurea solitaria Ranjbar & Negaresh
  709. Centaurea solstitialis L.
  710. Centaurea sophiae Klokov
  711. Centaurea × soriana A.Segura ex Mateo & M.B.Crespo
  712. Centaurea soskae Hayek
  713. Centaurea speciosa Boiss.
  714. Centaurea spectabilis (DC.) Sch.Bip.
  715. Centaurea sphaerocephala L.
  716. Centaurea spicata Boiss.
  717. Centaurea spinosa L.
  718. Centaurea spinosociliata Seenus
  719. Centaurea splendens L.
  720. Centaurea spruneri Boiss. & Heldr.
  721. Centaurea stapfiana (Hand.-Mazz.) Wagenitz
  722. Centaurea stereophylla Besser
  723. Centaurea sterilis Steven
  724. Centaurea steveniana Klokov
  725. Centaurea stevenii M.Bieb.
  726. Centaurea stoebe L.
  727. Centaurea stricta Waldst. & Kit.
  728. Centaurea stuessyi Arnelas, Devesa & E.López
  729. Centaurea subsericans Halácsy
  730. Centaurea subtilis Bertol.
  731. Centaurea sulphurea Willd.
  732. Centaurea susannae Invernón & Devesa
  733. Centaurea tabriziana Ranjbar & Heydari
  734. Centaurea tadshicorum Tzvelev
  735. Centaurea takhtajanii Gabrieljan & Tonyan
  736. Centaurea takredensis Coss. ex Maire
  737. Centaurea tanaitica Klokov
  738. Centaurea tardiflora Wagenitz
  739. Centaurea tauromenitana Guss.
  740. Centaurea tauscheri A.Kern.
  741. Centaurea tchihatcheffii Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
  742. Centaurea tenacissima (Groves) Brullo
  743. Centaurea tenoreana Willk.
  744. Centaurea tenorei Guss. ex Lacaita
  745. Centaurea thasia Hayek
  746. Centaurea theryi Emb. & Maire
  747. Centaurea thessala Hausskn.
  748. Centaurea thirkei Sch.Bip.
  749. Centaurea thracica (Janka) Gugler
  750. Centaurea thuillieri J.Duvign. & Lambinon
  751. Centaurea toletana Boiss. & Reut.
  752. Centaurea tomentella Hand.-Mazz.
  753. Centaurea tommasinii A.Kern.
  754. Centaurea tomorosii Micevski
  755. Centaurea torreana Ten.
  756. Centaurea tossiensis Freyn & Sint.
  757. Centaurea tougourensis Boiss. & Reut.
  758. Centaurea trachonitica Post
  759. Centaurea transcaucasica Sosn. ex Grossh.
  760. Centaurea × trauttmannii J.Wagner
  761. Centaurea treskana Micevski
  762. Centaurea triamularia Aldén
  763. Centaurea trichocephala M.Bieb. ex Willd.
  764. Centaurea triniifolia Heuff.
  765. Centaurea tripontina López-Alvarado, L.Sáez, Filigh., Guardiola & Susan
  766. Centaurea triumfettii All.
  767. Centaurea tuntasia Heldr. ex Halácsy
  768. Centaurea turkestanica Franch.
  769. Centaurea tuzgoluensis Aytaç & H.Duman
  770. Centaurea tymphaea Hausskn.
  771. Centaurea ugamica Iljin
  772. Centaurea ulrichiorum Wagenitz, F.H.Hellw. & Parolly
  773. Centaurea ultreiae Silva Pando
  774. Centaurea uniflora Turra
  775. Centaurea urgellensis Sennen
  776. Centaurea urvillei DC.
  777. Centaurea ustulata DC.
  778. Centaurea uysalii Şirin & Çeçen
  779. Centaurea valdemonensis Domina, Di Grist. & Barone
  780. Centaurea valesiaca (DC.) Jord.
  781. Centaurea vandasii Velen.
  782. Centaurea vanensis Wagenitz
  783. Centaurea vankovii Klokov
  784. Centaurea varnensis Velen.
  785. Centaurea vatevii Degen, Urumov & Wagn.
  786. Centaurea vavilovii Takht. & Gabrieljan
  787. Centaurea veneris (Sommier) Bég.
  788. Centaurea vermia Rech.f.
  789. Centaurea vermiculigera Hub.-Mor.
  790. Centaurea verutum L.
  791. Centaurea vesceritensis Boiss.
  792. Centaurea vichrenensis (Skokanová) Raus & Strid
  793. Centaurea virescens (Guss.) Domina & Raimondo
  794. Centaurea virgata Lam.
  795. Centaurea visianii Radić
  796. Centaurea vlachorum Hartvig
  797. Centaurea vorasana (Skokanová) Raus & Strid
  798. Centaurea wagenitzii Hub.-Mor.
  799. Centaurea wallichiana Less.
  800. Centaurea wendelboi Wagenitz
  801. Centaurea werneri Wagenitz, F.H.Hellw. & Parolly
  802. Centaurea wettsteinii Degen & Dörfl.
  803. Centaurea wiedemanniana Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
  804. Centaurea wolgensis DC.
  805. Centaurea woronowii Bornm. ex Sosn.
  806. Centaurea xaveri N.Garcia & Susanna
  807. Centaurea xerolepida Pau
  808. Centaurea xylobasis Rech.f.
  809. Centaurea yaltirikii N.Aksoy, H.Duman & Efe
  810. Centaurea yemensis Wagenitz
  811. Centaurea yozgatensis Wagenitz
  812. Centaurea zaferii Negaresh
  813. Centaurea zagrosmontana Ranjbar & Heydari
  814. Centaurea zangulensis Ranjbar & Negaresh
  815. Centaurea zarrei Negaresh
  816. Centaurea zeybekii Wagenitz
  817. Centaurea ziganensis Yüzb., M.Bona & İ.Genç
  818. Centaurea zlatarskyana Urum. & J.Wagner
  819. Centaurea zlatiborensis Zlatković, Novaković & Janaćković
  820. Centaurea × zubiae Pau
  821. Centaurea zuccariniana DC.

The Importance of Centaurea

Beyond their aesthetic appeal, Centaurea species play important roles in their ecosystems. They provide food and habitat for a variety of insects, birds, and other animals. Some species are also used in traditional medicine and as ornamental plants.

However, some Centaurea species, like the yellow star-thistle, can also be invasive, posing threats to native plant communities. Understanding the ecological roles of different Centaurea species is crucial for conservation efforts.

Exploring the World of Centaurea

I encourage you to delve deeper into the world of Centaurea. Whether you’re a seasoned botanist or a curious nature enthusiast, there’s always something new to discover about this fascinating genus. Observe the intricate details of their flowers, learn about their ecological roles, and appreciate their contribution to the biodiversity of our planet.

Remember: When exploring natural areas, always be mindful of the environment and avoid disturbing plant life. Let’s appreciate the beauty of Centaurea and other plant species while respecting their natural habitats.

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